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CML Semiconductor Products
PRODUCT INFORMATION
FX465
Features Low-Voltage (3-Volt) Supply 47 Programmable Sub-Audio Tones + NOTONE Meets MPT1306 and TIA/EIA 603 High Voiceband/CTCSS Isolation Separate Sub-Audio and Rx/Tx Audio Paths and Filtering
TONE IN FILTER TONE IN TONE DECODE FILTER
Extended Code CTCSS Encoder/Decoder
Applications Mobile Radio Systems
Publication D/465/2 May 1996 Advance Information
Community Base Stations "Sports Radio" (Japan) Sub-Audio Signalling and Selective Calling Status and Alarm Systems Amateur Radio
REFERENCE VOLTAGE
+ f TONE
CLKS CLKS
+
LOAD/LATCH D5/SERIAL ENABLE D4/SERIAL ENABLE D3/SERIAL DATA IN D2/SERIAL CLOCK D1 D0 RX/TX PTL XTAL/CLOCK XTAL AND CLOCK GENERATION A0 - A5 D0 - D10 48 x 10 TONE VDD ROM VSS VBIAS CLKS/XTAL Tx TONE OUT DIGITAL INTERFACE CLKS/XTAL TONE DETECT LOGIC TONE OUT FILTER Rx TONE DETECT
FX465
CLK TX AUDIO IN Tx AUDIO OUT
RX AUDIO IN AUDIO FILTER
Rx AUDIO OUT
DECODE COMPARATOR REF DECODE COMPARATOR IN
+ -
Rx TONE DECODE
Fig.1 Functional Block Diagram
New SSOP D5 package The Rx sub-audio (CTCSS) path contains a (selected tone frequency) bandpass filter and period detector providing a logic level output (Rx Tone Detect) to indicate a successful decode operation. Rx "Press to Listen" (PTL) and Tx "Squelch-Tail Elimination" functions are available in both command loading modes. The squelch-tail elimination function will provide (Tx tone) phase-reversal to minimise the annoying audio outputs that occur at the receiver on completion of a transmission. Tone frequencies and filter accuracies are maintained by an on-chip 4.0MHz clock oscillator employing an external crystal or clock pulse input. The FX465, which exhibits high audio and sub-audio performance with low falsing, is available in a 24-pin plastic small outline SSOP package.
Brief Description
The FX465 is a 3-volt, half-duplex predictive Continuous Tone Controlled Squelch System (CTCSS) encoder/decoder microcircuit. The FX465 has integral voice-band filtering for prefiltering of Tx audio and the rejection of the CTCSS tone in receive. Under Processor control, the FX465 will encode and decode any one of 47 sub-audio frequencies (+NOTONE) in the range 67.0Hz to 254.1Hz. Tone frequencies and all functional commands can be loaded to the device in either pin-selectable 8-bit parallel or serial format. A separate, Rx/Tx voice-audio path is available with a highpass (sub-audio reject) filter automatically placed in the relevant Rx or Tx voice line.
Pin Number
FX465 D5 1 VDD: Positive supply.
Function
2
Xtal/CIock: Input to the on-chip inverter; used with a 4.0MHz Xtal or external clock source.
3
Xtal: Output of the on-chip inverter (clock output).
4
Load/Latch: Controls 8 on-chip latches and is used to latch Rx/Tx, PTL, D0 - D5. This pin is internally pulled to VDD. A logic `1' applied to this input puts the 8 latches into a 'transparent' mode. A logic `0' applied to this input puts the 8 latches into the `latched' mode. In parallel mode data is loaded and latched by a logic `1' to `0' transition (see Figure 4). In serial mode data is loaded and latched by a `0' to `1' to `0' strobe pulse on this pin (see Figure 4).
5
D5/Serial Enable: Data input D5 (Parallel Mode); Serial Enable (Serial Mode). A logic `l' applied to this input, together with a logic `0' applied to D4/Serial Enable, will put the device into 'Serial Mode' (see Figure 4). This pin is internally pulled to VDD.
6
D4/Serial Enable: Data input D4 (Parallel Mode); Serial Enable (Serial Mode). A logic `0' applied to this input, together with a logic `1' applied to D5/Serial Enable, will place the device into `Serial Mode' (see Figure 4). This pin internally pulled to VDD.
7
D3/Serial Data In: Data input D3 (Parallel Mode); Serial Data Input (Serial Mode). In Serial Mode this pin becomes the serial data input for D5 - D0, Rx/Tx, PTL (see Figure 4). D5 is clocked-in first and PTL last. This pin internally pulled to VDD.
8
D2/Serial Clock: Data input D2 (Parallel Mode); Serial Clock Input (Serial Mode). In Serial Mode this pin becomes the Serial Clock input. Data is clocked on the positive-going edge (see Figure 4). This pin is internally pulled to VDD.
9
D1: Data input D1 (Parallel Mode); Not used (Serial Mode). This pin is internally pulled to VDD.
10
D0: Data input D0 (Parallel Mode); Not used (Serial Mode). This pin is internally pulled to VDD.
11
VSS: Negative supply.
12
Decode Comparator Ref. (I/P): Internally biased to VDD/3 or 2VDD/3 via 1.0M resistors depending on the logical state of the Rx Tone Decode pin. Rx Tone Decode = logic `1' will bias this input to 2VDD/3, a logic `0' will bias this input to VDD/3. This input provides the decode comparator reference voltage; switching of bias voltages provides hysteresis to reduce 'chatter' under marginal conditions.
2
Pin Number
FX465 D5 13
Function
Rx Tone Decode (O/P): The gated output of the on-chip Decode Comparator. This output is used to gate the Rx Audio path. A logic `0' on this pin indicates a successful decode and that the `Decode Comparator In' pin is more positive than the `Decode Comparator Ref.' input (see Table 1).
14
Decode Comparator In: The inverting input of the Decode Comparator. This pin is normally connected to the integrated output of the Rx Tone Detect pin.
15
Rx Tone Detect (O/P): In the Rx mode this output will go to a logic `1' during a successful decode (Table 1). This must be externally integrated to control response and deresponse times (Figure 2).
16
Tx Tone Out: The CTCSS sinewave output appears on this pin under the control of the Rx/Tx pin. This output, when not transmitting a sub-audio tone, may be biased to VDD/2 as described in Table 1.
17
Rx/Tx: This input (Parallel Mode) selects Rx or Tx modes (see Figure 2). Logic `1' = Rx; logic `0' = Tx. In Serial Mode this (Rx or Tx) function is serially loaded. This pin is internally pulled to VDD via a 1M resistor. PTL: A dual-function input. In parallel Rx mode this pin operates as a "Push To Listen" function by enabling the Rx audio path, thus overriding the tone-squelch function. In the parallel load mode, Tx operation this input reverses the phase of the transmitting CTCSS tone (squelch tail elimination). In the serial load mode (Rx and Tx) these functions are serially loaded. Internal pull-up to VDD. Rx Audio Out: The high-pass filtered `Received Audio' output. This pin outputs audio when Rx Tone Decode = `0', or PTL = `1' or when `Notone' is programmed (Table 2). In Tx Mode this pin is biased to VDD/2. Tx Audio Out: The high-pass filtered `Transmit Audio' output. In Tx mode this pin outputs audio present at the Tx Audio input by opening the Tx audio path. In Rx mode this pin is biased to VDD/2. VBIAS: The output of the on-chip analogue bias circuitry. Held internally at VDD/2, this pin should be externally decoupled to VSS via a capacitor. Tx Audio In: The Tx Audio Input pin. Tx voice-band audio may be prefiitered, using the audio path, thus helping to avoid talk-off due to the intermodulation of speech frequencies with the transmitted CTCSS tone. This pin is internally biased to VDD/2.
18
19
20
21
22
23
Rx Audio In: The input to the audio high-pass filter in the Rx Mode. This pin is internally biased to VDD/2. Tone In: The input to the CTCSS tone detector; this input is internally biased to VDD/2.
24
3
Application Information
External Components
Component R1 R2 R3 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 Value 1.0M 560k 820k 0.1F 18pF 33pF 0.1F 0.1F Tolerance 10% 10% 10% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 D1 X1 0.47F 20% 0.1F 20% 0.1F 20% 0.1F 20% 0.1F 20% 0.1F 20% small signal type 4.0MHz 0.01%
Note: The values specified for R1, C2 and C3 have been found to be satisfactory when used with a crystal (X1) whose equivalent series resistance is <= 1000 ohms. The crystal manufacturer should be consulted to determine optimum values for different crystals. The 0.1F value for the dc blocking capacitors C4, C5, C7, C8, C9, C10 and C11 are not a requirement. For the capacitors C4, C5 and C10, the input impedance is internal to the device and specified as typically 550k. For the remaining capacitors external circuits will be important in determining input impedance.
Fig.2 Recommended External Components
Input Pin Condition
Decode Comp. Input
Output Pin Condition
Rx Tone Rx Tone Detect Decode
D0 to D5
Rx/Tx PTL
Result and/or Function Tone Tx Audio Tx Path Enabled Enabled
Tone Decoder Enabled
Rx Audio Path Enabled Notes NO (BIAS) NO (BIAS) NO (BIAS) YES YES YES 1 2 3 4 5 6
TONE 0 0 X 0 1 YES YES NO NOTONE 0 X X 0 1 NO (BIAS) YES NO TONE 1 0 0 0 1 NO (BIAS) NO YES TONE 1 1 0 0 1 NO (BIAS) NO YES TONE 1 X 1 1 0 NO (BIAS) NO YES NOTONE 1 X X X 0 NO (BIAS) NO YES NOTES 1 Normal tone transmit condition. 2 NOTONE programmed in Tx mode; tone transmit output set to VDD/2. Tx audio path enabled. 3 Normal decode standby. 4 Normal decode standby with PTL used to enable audio. 5 Normal `decode of correct CTCSS tone' condition; PTL has no effect. 6 NOTONE programmed in Rx mode; tone transmit output (BIAS). Rx audio path enabled.
Table 1 Combinations of Input/Output Conditions
4
x = don't care
Application Information ......
Description
Voice on shared radio channels is multiplexed with a subaudible CTCSS (Continuous Tone Controlled Subaudible Squelch) tone as a means of directing messages among user groups sharing the same RF frequencies. CTCSS modulates the transmitter with a discrete tone, from 39 standard CTCSS tones in the range (67.0Hz to 250.0Hz) according to TIA/EIA-603. There are an additional eight CTCSS tones not specified in TIA/EIA-603 that the FX465 will encode and decode. They are: 159.8Hz, 183.5Hz, 189.9Hz, 196.6Hz, 199.5Hz, 206.5Hz, 229.1Hz, and 254.1Hz, for a total of 47 CTCSS tones plus NOTONE. The FX465 also incorporates Tx/Rx on chip speech filters. In early CTCSS designs, Tx speech was not filtered from the CTCSS tone, rather the filtering was dependent upon the host transmitters pre-emphasis network. At only 6dB/ octave, the attenuation of speech components at higher CTCSS tones was only a few dB which resulted in talk-off (low frequency voice components unsquelching the receiver audio).
TIA/EIA-603 Nominal Freq. 67.0 69.3 71.9 74.4 77.0 79.7 82.5 85.4 88.5 91.5 94.8 97.4 100.0 103.5 107.2 110.9 114.8 118.8 123.0 127.3 131.8 136.5 141.3 146.2 151.4 156.7 * 159.8 162.2 167.9 173.8 179.9 * 183.5 186.2 * 189.9 192.8 * 196.6 * 199.5 203.5 * 206.5 210.7 218.1 225.7 * 229.1 233.6 241.8 250.3 * 254.1 NOTONE
FX465 Freq. 66.98 69.32 71.901 74.431 76.965 79.677 82.483 85.383 88.494 91.456 94.76 97.435 99.96 103.429 107.147 110.954 114.84 118.793 123.028 127.328 131.674 136.612 141.323 146.044 151.441 156.875 159.936 162.311 167.708 173.936 179.654 183.680 186.289 190.069 192.864 196.329 199.312 203.645 206.207 210.848 217.853 225.339 229.279 233.359 241.970 250.282 254.162
CTCSS Programming Table
fo % -0.029 0.024 0.001 0.042 -0.046 -0.029 -0.021 -0.020 -0.007 -0.048 -0.042 -0.036 -0.040 -0.069 -0.05 0.049 0.035 -0.006 0.023 0.022 -0.095 0.082 0.016 -0.107 0.027 0.112 0.085 0.069 -0.114 0.078 -0.137 0.098 0.048 0.089 0.033 -0.138 -0.094 0.071 -0.142 0.070 -0.113 -0.160 0.078 -0.103 0.070 -0.007 0.024 D5 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 D4 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 D3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Data D2 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Clock
(All frequencies in Hertz (Hz) D1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 x D0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 x Hex 3F 39 1F 3E 0F 3D 1E 3C 0E 3B 1D 3A 0D 1C 0C 1B 0B 1A 0A 19 09 18 08 17 07 16 31 06 15 05 14 32 04 33 13 34 35 03 36 12 02 11 37 01 10 00 38 30 2X
Serial Input Mode * Not specified in the TIA/EIA-603 tone set.
Table 2 Tone Programming Information
5
Application Information ......
Fig.3 Frequency Response: Rx Audio Path
Fig.4 Serial and Parallel Timing Diagrams
6
Specification
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Exceeding the maximum rating can result in device damage. Operation of the device outside the operating limits is not implied. Supply voltage -0.3 to 7.0V Input voltage at any pin (ref VSS = 0V) -0.3 to (VDD + 0.3V) Sink/source current (supply pins) +/- 30mA (other pins) +/- 20mA 550mW Max. Total device dissipation @ T AMB 25C Derating 9mW/C Operating temperature range: FX465 D5 Storage temperature range: FX465 D5 -40C to +85C -55C to +125C
Operating Limits
All device characteristics are measured under the following conditions unless otherwise specified: VDD = 3.3V to 5.0V. VSS = 0V. TAMB = 25C. Xtal/Clock = 4.0MHz 100ppm. 0dB ref: = 750mVrms (proportional to VDD, see Note 16.) Composite Signal = 1.0kHz Test Tone at 300mVrms, Noise at 75mVrms (gaussian white noise, band-limited to 6.0kHz), Programmed CTCSS Tone at 30mVrms, fo = 100Hz. Characteristics Static Characteristics Supply Voltage (VDD) Supply Current VDD = 5.0V VDD = 3.3V Analogue Input Impedance Analogue Output Impedance Digital Input Impedance Input Logic `1' Input Logic `0' Output Logic `1', source = 0.1mA Output Logic `0', sink = 0.1 mA Dynamic Characteristics Decoder Pure Tone Decode Threshold Composite Tone Decode Threshold Decode Input Signal Level Pure Tone Decode Response Time Pure Tone Decode De-Response Time Decode Response Time De-Response Time Decode Selectivity: Decode Bandwidth Upper Decode Band Edge Lower Decode Band Edge Encoder Tone Output Level Tx Tone Frequency Accuracy (fO error) Risetime to 90% (nominal output) fO > 100Hz fO < 100Hz Total Harmonic Distortion Audio Filter Total Harmonic Distortion Output Noise Level (Input ac short cct, audio switch enabled) SINAD Spurious Emissions Cut-Off Frequency Bandpass Ripple (300Hz - 3000Hz) Stopband Attenuation <250Hz Passband Gain at 1.0kHz See Note Min. 2.7 70.0 80.0 Typ. 3.3/5.0 3.7 1.3 0.55 0.45 35.0 Max. 5.5 4.2 1.6 30.0 20.0 Unit V mA mA M k k %VDD %VDD %V DD %VDD mVrms mVrms dB ms ms ms ms Hz Hz dB %fO ms ms % % mVrms dB dB Hz dB dB dB
1 1 1 2 2
3 15 12, 13 12, 14 3, 6, 9 3, 9 3, 10
-20.0 95.0 95.0 1.005fo 1.005fo-1
7.0 115 130 180 1.015fo 0.985fo 0 15.0 45.0 1.5 1.5 0.5 50.0 300 1.0 36.0 0
15.0 30.0 3.5 140 170 250 250 0.995fo+1 0.995fo 1.0 +0.3 75 120 2.0 2.0 -48 1.8 0.5
11
-1.0 -0.3 40.0 33.0 -0.5
7
4, 9 4, 9
5, 7 7 7, 8
5, 7 5, 7
Specification ......
Characteristics Audio Switch Isolation Serial/Parallel Inputs Parallel Set-Up Time (tSP) Load/Latch Pulse Width (t L) Serial Clock Pulse Width (tC) Serial Set-Up Time (tSS) Serial Data Hold Time (tH) Serial Enable Time (t1) Serial Load/Latch Set-up Time (t2) Serial Clock Frequency Notes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Refers to Rx/Tx, PTL, Decode Comparator Input, D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 inputs. All logic outputs. Composite Signal Test condition. Any programming tone and RL = 10k. CL = 15pF. With an input level of 0dB at 1.0kHz. fO > 100Hz, (for 100Hz >f O >67Hz: t = (100/fO Hz) x 250ms). Measured in a 30kHz bandwidth. With an input level of -3.5dB at 1.0kHz Per TIA/EIA-603. Per TIA/EIA-603, device will not decode adjacent TIA/EIA-603 tones. Tone output level is proportional to V DD. fO = 156.7Hz at -20dB. Typically 12.5 tone cycles + 40ms Typically 7 tone cycles + 90ms. Max composite signal is 3.5dB with: Noise (band limited 6kHz Gaussian) -12dB to 1kHz test tone F 0 CTCSS tone -20dB ref to 1kHz test tone. For maximum dynamic range, set audio level to 0dB, V DD x 150mVrms, using minimumVDD under which system is intended to work. e.g. for a 2.7 to 3.3 volt system use 0dB equal to 405mVrms. See Note 5 Min. 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 Typ. 60.0 1.0 Max. Unit dB ns ns ns ns ns ns ns MHz
Package Outlines
The FX465 is available in the package styles outlined below. Pin 1 identification marking is shown on the relevant diagram and pins on all package styles number anti-clockwise when viewed from the top.
Handling Precautions
The FX465 is a CMOS LSI circuit which includes input protection. However precautions should be taken to prevent static discharges which may cause damage.
FX465 D5
24-pin plastic S.S.O.P.
A
DIM. MIN. TYP. MAX.
Z B E L
PIN 1 X Y H J F P
T
A B C E F H J L P T X Y Z
0.328 (8.33) 0.318 (8.07) 0.212 (5.38) 0.205 (5.20) 0.068 (1.73) 0.078 (1.99) 0.301 (7.65) 0.311 (7.90) 0.286 (7.15) 0.002 (0.05) 0.008 (0.21) 0.015 (0.38) 0.010 (0.25) 0.037 (0.95) 0.022 (0.55) 0.026 (0.65) 0.009 (0.22) 0.005 (0.13) 0 8 7 4 9 10
C
NOTE : All dimensions in inches (mm.) Angles in degrees
Ordering Information
FX465 D5 24-pin plastic S.S.O.P. (D5)
CML does not assume any responsibility for the use of any circuitry described. No circuit patent licences are implied and CML reserves the right at any time without notice to change the said circuitry.
CML Microcircuits
COMMUNICATION SEMICONDUCTORS
CML Product Data
In the process of creating a more global image, the three standard product semiconductor companies of CML Microsystems Plc (Consumer Microcircuits Limited (UK), MX-COM, Inc (USA) and CML Microcircuits (Singapore) Pte Ltd) have undergone name changes and, whilst maintaining their separate new names (CML Microcircuits (UK) Ltd, CML Microcircuits (USA) Inc and CML Microcircuits (Singapore) Pte Ltd), now operate under the single title CML Microcircuits. These companies are all 100% owned operating companies of the CML Microsystems Plc Group and these changes are purely changes of name and do not change any underlying legal entities and hence will have no effect on any agreements or contacts currently in force. CML Microcircuits Product Prefix Codes Until the latter part of 1996, the differentiator between products manufactured and sold from MXCOM, Inc. and Consumer Microcircuits Limited were denoted by the prefixes MX and FX respectively. These products use the same silicon etc. and today still carry the same prefixes. In the latter part of 1996, both companies adopted the common prefix: CMX. This notification is relevant product information to which it is attached.
Company contact information is as below:
CML Microcircuits (UK)Ltd
COMMUNICATION SEMICONDUCTORS
CML Microcircuits (USA) Inc.
COMMUNICATION SEMICONDUCTORS
CML Microcircuits (Singapore)PteLtd
COMMUNICATION SEMICONDUCTORS
Oval Park, Langford, Maldon, Essex, CM9 6WG, England Tel: +44 (0)1621 875500 Fax: +44 (0)1621 875600 uk.sales@cmlmicro.com www.cmlmicro.com
4800 Bethania Station Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27105, USA Tel: +1 336 744 5050, 0800 638 5577 Fax: +1 336 744 5054 us.sales@cmlmicro.com www.cmlmicro.com
No 2 Kallang Pudding Road, 09-05/ 06 Mactech Industrial Building, Singapore 349307 Tel: +65 7450426 Fax: +65 7452917 sg.sales@cmlmicro.com www.cmlmicro.com
D/CML (D)/1 February 2002

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